Article 1: Breastfeeding: an overview of oral and general health benefits
1. Compared with infants who were breastfed exclusively for three or six months, what was the risk of acute otitis media’s developing in infants in developed countries who were fed with formula exclusively? Select answer A. about 50 percent lower risk B. about the same risk C. about 50 percent higher risk D. about twice the risk
2. What odds ratio was reported by investigators in a meta-analysis of 10 studies in developed countries for the risk of developing asthma among infants with no family history of asthma who were breastfed exclusively for at least the first three months of life? Select answer A. 1.01 B. 0.74 C. 0.52 D. 0.27
3. On the basis of the results of a meta-analysis of 47 studies, what is the estimated change in risk of developing breast cancer attributed to each additional year of breastfeeding? Select answer A. 4.3 percent reduction per year B. 1.4 percent reduction per year C. 2.1 percent increase per year D. 3.9 percent increase per year
4. According to recommendations of the American Academy of Pediatrics, how long should infants be breastfed exclusively? Select answer A. for about the first eight months of life B. for about the first six months of life C. for about the first four months of life D. for about the first two months of life
Article 2: The frequency and nature of incidental findings in cone-beam computed tomographic scans of the head and neck region: a systematic review
1. What was the frequency range for mean number of incidental findings per cone-beam computed tomographic scan across the studies reviewed? Select answer A. 4.5 to 6.1 per scan B. 3.0 to 4.4 per scan C. 1.3 to 2.9 per scan D. 0.5 to 1.2 per scan
2. Which one of the following was the most frequently identified incidental finding? Select answer A. sinusitis/mucosal thickening B. impacted third molars C. mucous retention cysts D. vertebral degenerative changes
3. How much more likely was an incidental finding of vascular pathology among patients older than 65 years, compared with those aged 16 to 40 years? Select answer A. 13.4 times more likely B. 9.3 times more likely C. 7.7 times more likely D. 5.1 times more likely
4. What improvement in the mean percentage of correctly identified extragnathic findings was reported for orthodontists and orthodontic residents after a single three-hour training session? Select answer A. 67 to 84 percent B. 49 to 66 percent C. 22 to 48 percent D. 13 to 21 percent
Article 3: Is change in probing depth a reliable predictor of change in attachment loss?
1. What percentage of sites with a measured change in clinical attachment loss (CAL) had a similar measured change in probing depth (PD)? Select answer A. 74 percent B. 52 percent C. 37 percent D. 18 percent
2. Approximately what percentage of sites with a measured change in PD also had a measured CAL change in the same direction? Select answer A. 70 percent B. 59 percent C. 32 percent D. 14 percent
3. For which site characteristic was the lowest sensitivity observed for predicting a worsening greater than two millimeters in CAL, on the basis of a PD worsening of greater than two millimeters? Select answer A. mesial or distal sites B. midfacial or lingual sites C. molar sites D. nonmolar sites
4. For molar sites, what was the positive predictive value for a PD worsening of greater than two millimeters indicating a worsening of greater than two millimeters in CAL? Select answer A. 0.97 B. 0.81 C. 0.75 D. 0.62
Article 4: Rubber dam use during root canal treatment: findings from The Dental Practice-Based Research Network
1. What percentage of the responding endodontists reported using a rubber dam for all of the root canal treatment (RCT) they provided? Select answer A. 100 percent B. 83 percent C. 68 percent D. 44 percent
2. What percentage of the responding general dentists reported using a rubber dam for all of the RCT they provided? Select answer A. 100 percent B. 83 percent C. 68 percent D. 44 percent
3. Which one of the following regions was associated with the lowest percentage of respondents reporting using a rubber dam for all of the RCT they provided? Select answer A. Alabama/Mississippi B. Florida/Georgia C. Midwest or Northeast D. Scandinavia
4. Which one of the following practice types was associated with the lowest percentage of respondents reporting using a rubber dam for all of the RCT they provided? Select answer A. solo private practice B. group private practice C. dental groups D. public health practice, community health center or publicly funded clinic
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