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The following systematic reviews are available for the topic topical fluoride. Links to summaries of the systematic reviews are provided if available. These summaries are not developed by the ADA. In some cases, links are provided to the full-text copy of systematic reviews published in the Journal of the American Dental Association (JADA).

A systematic review of selected caries prevention and management methods.
Bader JD, Shugars DA, Bonito AJ. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2001; 29(6): 399-411.

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Caries-inhibiting effect of preventive measures during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. A systematic review.
Derks A, Katsaros C, Frencken JE, van't Hof MA, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM. Caries Res 2004; 38(5): 413-20.

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Combinations of topical fluoride (toothpastes, mouthrinses, gels, varnishes) versus single topical fluoride for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents.
Marinho VC, Higgins JP, Sheiham A, Logan S. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004;(1): CD002781.

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Effect of combined caries-preventive methods: a systematic review of controlled clinical trials.
Axelsson S, Soder B, Nordenram G, Petersson LG, Dahlgren H, Norlund A, Kallestal C, Mejare I, Lingstrom P, Lagerlof F, Holm AK, Twetman S. Acta Odontol Scand 2004; 62(3): 163-9.

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Effectiveness of methods used by dental professionals for the primary prevention of dental caries.
Rozier RG. J Dent Educ 2001; 65(10): 1063-72.

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Fluoride gels for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents.
Marinho VC, Higgins JP, Logan S, Sheiham A. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002;(2): CD002280.

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Fluoride mouthrinses for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents.
Marinho VC, Higgins JP, Logan S, Sheiham A. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003;(3): CD002284.

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Fluoride toothpastes for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents.
Marinho VC, Higgins JP, Sheiham A, Logan S. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003;(1): CD002278.

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Fluoride varnishes for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents.
Marinho VC, Higgins JP, Logan S, Sheiham A. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002;(3): CD002279.

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One topical fluoride (toothpastes, or mouthrinses, or gels, or varnishes) versus another for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents.
Marinho VC, Higgins JP, Sheiham A, Logan S. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004;(1): CD002780.

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Systematic review of controlled trials on the effectiveness of fluoride gels for the prevention of dental caries in children.
Marinho VC, Higgins JP, Logan S, Sheiham A. J Dent Educ 2003; 67(4): 448-58.

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Systematic reviews of selected dental caries diagnostic and management methods.
Bader J, Shugars D, Bonito AJ. J Dent Educ 2001; 65(10): 960-8.

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The effect of topical fluorides on decalcification in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances: a systematic review.
Chadwick BL, Roy J, Knox J, Treasure ET. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2005; 128(5): 601-6.

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Topical fluoride (toothpastes, mouthrinses, gels or varnishes) for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents.
Marinho VC, Higgins JP, Logan S, Sheiham A. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003;(4): CD002782.

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Slow-release fluoride devices for the control of dental decay.
Bonner, B., et al., Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2006(4): p. CD005101.

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Pit and fissure sealants versus fluoride varnishes for preventing dental decay in children and adolescents.
Hiiri, A., et al., Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2006(4): p. CD003067.

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Effectiveness of fluoride in preventing caries in adults.
S. O. Griffin, E. Regnier, P. M. Griffin and V. Huntley. J Dent Res. 2007. 86(5): p. 410-5.

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Effect of 1000 ppm relative to 250 ppm fluoride toothpaste. A meta-analysis.
M. Steiner, U. Helfenstein and G. Menghini. Am J Dent. 2004; 17: 85-8.

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A review of the effects of stannous fluoride on gingivitis.
S. Paraskevas and G. A. van der Weijden. J Clin Periodontol. 2006; 33: 1-13.

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A meta-analysis of clinical studies on the caries-inhibiting effect of fluoride gel treatment.
H. M. van Rijkom, G. J. Truin and M. A. van 't Hof. Caries Res. 1998; 32: 83-92.

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Caries-preventive effect of sodium fluoride mouthrinses: a systematic review of controlled clinical trials.
S. Twetman, L. Petersson, S. Axelsson, H. Dahlgren, A. K. Holm, C. Kallestal, F. Lagerlof, P. Lingstrom, I. Mejare, G. Nordenram, A. Norlund and B. Soder. Acta Odontol Scand. 2004; 62: 223-30.

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The use of fluoride varnishes in the prevention of dental caries: a short review.
L. Strohmenger and E. Brambilla. Oral Dis. 2001; 7: 71-80.

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Professional fluoride varnish treatment for caries control: a systematic review of clinical trials.
L. G. Petersson, S. Twetman, H. Dahlgren, A. Norlund, A. K. Holm, G. Nordenram, F. Lagerlof, B. Soder, C. Kallestal, I. Mejare, S. Axelsson and P. Lingstrom. Acta Odontol Scand. 2004;
62: 170-6.

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Fluoride varnishes (Duraphat): a meta-analysis.
U. Helfenstein and M. Steiner. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1994; 22: 1-5.

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